|
A crisis pregnancy center (CPC), sometimes called a pregnancy resource center (PRC),〔 is a type of non-profit organization established to counsel pregnant women against having an abortion.〔〔〔("Major Complaints Against Crisis Pregnancy Centers and Efforts to Protect Women" ) Crisis Pregnancy Center Watch〕 CPCs generally provide peer counseling related to abortion, pregnancy, and childbirth, and may also offer additional non-medical services such as financial assistance, child-rearing resources, and adoption referrals.〔〔〔 CPCs that qualify as medical clinics may also provide pregnancy testing, sonograms, and other services〔()〕 However, CPCs have also been known to disseminate false medical information, usually about the supposed physical and mental health risks of abortion.〔 CPCs are typically run by pro-life Christians according to a conservative Christian philosophy,〔 and they often operate in affiliation with one of three non-profit organizations: Care Net, Heartbeat International, and Birthright International. , there were approximately 2,500 CPCs in the United States, as compared with 1,800 abortion clinics, and Canada has several times as many CPCs as abortion clinics.〔http://www.prochoiceamerica.org/what-is-choice/abortion/abortion-crisis-pregnancy-centers.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/]〕 Hundreds more CPCs operate outside of the U.S. and Canada.〔 During the Presidency of George W. Bush (2001-2009) CPCs received tens of millions of dollars in federal grants.〔 As of 2015, more than half of the U.S. states helped to fund crisis pregnancy centers either directly and/or through the sale of Choose Life license plates.〔()〕 Legal and legislative action regarding CPCs has generally attempted to curb deceptive advertising, targeting those that imply that they offer abortion services by requiring centers to disclose that they do not offer certain services or possess certain qualifications.〔 In 1993, the National Institute of Family and Life Advocates (NIFLA) was formed to provide legal advice to CPCs in the U.S.〔〔〔 ==History and activities== The Family Research Council describes the beginnings of the crisis pregnancy center movement in a 2009 report. In 1968, the first network of centers was established by Birthright, in Canada. Alternatives to Abortion, today known as Heartbeat International, was founded in 1971. Christian Action Council founded its first center in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1980. Christian Action Council eventually would become Care Net.〔("A Passion to Serve: A Vision for Life" – Pregnancy Resource Center Service Report 2009 ) ''Family Research Council''. 2009. Page 6. Retrieved May 5, 2011〕 Others cite Robert Pearson as the founder of the first CPC. After abortion was legalized in Hawaii in 1967, he started a crisis pregnancy center in Honolulu to fight it.〔http://www.cardozolawandgender.com/uploads/2/7/7/6/2776881/chen_cpcs_final.pdf〕 While CPCs often look like abortion clinics and are intentionally located near them,〔〔 most are not legally licensed as medical clinics and do not offer medical services.〔 However, CPCs often offer free pregnancy tests, often over-the-counter ones; additionally, there is a trend toward CPCs obtaining medical clinic status, largely so that more CPCs may offer sonograms in an attempt to convince women to carry their pregnancies to term.〔(NIFLA )〕〔 They may also provide screening for sexually transmitted infections, adoption referrals, religious counseling, financial assistance, prenatal services, child-rearing resources and other services.〔 Peer counselors are typically covered by mandated reporting laws with regard to statutory rape, and they are encouraged to ask about the age of the woman and the biological father.〔(Mandated Reporting )〕 While some centers refer clients for contraception, most do not and the service may be limited to married women.〔〔(About Southside Pregnancy )〕 Others may offer Bible study sessions and peer counseling for women who have recently had abortions. CPCs have been criticized for misleading advertising, for the dissemination of inaccurate medical information, for religious proselytism, and for subjecting clients to graphic videos. Crisis pregnancy centers, along with hospitals and fire and police stations, are designated by state law in Louisiana as emergency care facilities where parents may surrender custody of newborn infants. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Crisis pregnancy center」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|